CS IMP. DATA VLAN AND PATCH
A virtual LAN, commonly known as a VLAN, is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the Broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location. A VLAN has the same attributes as a physical LAN, but it allows for end stations to be grouped together even if they are not located on the same network switch. Network reconfiguration can be done through software instead of physically relocating devices.
VLANs are created to provide the segmentation services traditionally provided by routers in LAN configurations. VLANs address issues such as scalability, security, and network management. Routers in VLAN topologies provide broadcast filtering, security, address summarization, and traffic flow management. By definition, switches may not bridge IP traffic between VLANs as it would violate the integrity of the VLAN broadcast domain.
This is also useful if one wants to create multiple Layer 3 networks on the same Layer 2 switch. For example if a DHCP server (which will broadcast its presence) were plugged into a switch it would serve anyone on that switch that was configured to do so. By using VLANs you easily split the network up so some hosts won't use that server and default to Link-local addresses.
Virtual LANs are essentially Layer 2 constructs, compared with IP subnets which are Layer 3 constructs. In a LAN employing VLANs, a one-to-one relationship often exists between VLANs and IP subnets, although it is possible to have multiple subnets on one VLAN or have one subnet spread across multiple VLANs. Virtual LANs and IP subnets provide independent Layer 2 and Layer 3 constructs that map to one another and this correspondence is useful during the network design process.
By using VLAN, one can control traffic patterns and react quickly to relocations. VLANs provide the flexibility to adapt to changes in network requirements and allow for simplified administration
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A patch is a small piece of software designed to fix problems with or update a computer program or its
supporting data. This includes fixing bugs, replacing graphics and improving the usability or performance.
Though meant to fix problems, poorly designed patches can sometimes introduce new problems.
Patch management is the process of using a strategy and plan of what patches should be applied to
which systems at a specified time.
Patches sometimes become mandatory to fix problems with libraries or with portions of source code for
programs in frequent use or in maintenance. This commonly occurs on very large-scale software projects,
but rarely in small-scale development.
In open source projects, the authors commonly receive patches or many people publish patches that fix
particular problems or add certain functionality, like support for local languages outside the project's locale.
If a patch is a piece of data used to update a software product,
then a security patch is a change applied to an asset to correct the weakness described by a vulnerability.
This corrective action will prevent successful exploitation and remove or mitigate a threat’s capability
to exploit a specific vulnerability in an asset.
Security patches are the primary method of fixing security vulnerabilities in software.
Currently Microsoft releases their security patches once a month, and other operating systems and
software projects have security teams dedicated to releasing the most reliable software patches as soon
after a vulnerability announcement as possible. Security patches are closely tied to responsible disclosure.
VLANs are created to provide the segmentation services traditionally provided by routers in LAN configurations. VLANs address issues such as scalability, security, and network management. Routers in VLAN topologies provide broadcast filtering, security, address summarization, and traffic flow management. By definition, switches may not bridge IP traffic between VLANs as it would violate the integrity of the VLAN broadcast domain.
This is also useful if one wants to create multiple Layer 3 networks on the same Layer 2 switch. For example if a DHCP server (which will broadcast its presence) were plugged into a switch it would serve anyone on that switch that was configured to do so. By using VLANs you easily split the network up so some hosts won't use that server and default to Link-local addresses.
Virtual LANs are essentially Layer 2 constructs, compared with IP subnets which are Layer 3 constructs. In a LAN employing VLANs, a one-to-one relationship often exists between VLANs and IP subnets, although it is possible to have multiple subnets on one VLAN or have one subnet spread across multiple VLANs. Virtual LANs and IP subnets provide independent Layer 2 and Layer 3 constructs that map to one another and this correspondence is useful during the network design process.
By using VLAN, one can control traffic patterns and react quickly to relocations. VLANs provide the flexibility to adapt to changes in network requirements and allow for simplified administration
................
.......................
......................
................
A patch is a small piece of software designed to fix problems with or update a computer program or its
supporting data. This includes fixing bugs, replacing graphics and improving the usability or performance.
Though meant to fix problems, poorly designed patches can sometimes introduce new problems.
Patch management is the process of using a strategy and plan of what patches should be applied to
which systems at a specified time.
Patches sometimes become mandatory to fix problems with libraries or with portions of source code for
programs in frequent use or in maintenance. This commonly occurs on very large-scale software projects,
but rarely in small-scale development.
In open source projects, the authors commonly receive patches or many people publish patches that fix
particular problems or add certain functionality, like support for local languages outside the project's locale.
If a patch is a piece of data used to update a software product,
then a security patch is a change applied to an asset to correct the weakness described by a vulnerability.
This corrective action will prevent successful exploitation and remove or mitigate a threat’s capability
to exploit a specific vulnerability in an asset.
Security patches are the primary method of fixing security vulnerabilities in software.
Currently Microsoft releases their security patches once a month, and other operating systems and
software projects have security teams dedicated to releasing the most reliable software patches as soon
after a vulnerability announcement as possible. Security patches are closely tied to responsible disclosure.
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